ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of oral carbohydrate-electrolyte supplementation on sports performance and cardiovascular status of the national level male athletes during exercise and recovery. METHODS: A total of 10 male athletes (age range: 20-25 yr) were selected. The experiment was performed in laboratory (25 degrees C and 60% relative humidity) in two phases; phase 1 - no supplementation, and phase 2 - a 5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink was given orally during exercise and a 12.5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink during recovery. Subjects performed an exercise test at 70 per cent of VO(2)max. Performance time, heart rate during exercise and recovery were noted, blood samples were collected during exercise and recovery for the analysis of glucose and lactate levels in both the phases. RESULTS: Significant improvements were noted in total endurance time, heart rate responses and blood lactate during exercise at 70 per cent VO(2)max after the supplementation of 5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink. However, no significant changes were noted in blood glucose and peak lactate level irrespective of supplementation of carbohydrate-electrolyte drink. Significant improvement in cardiovascular responses, blood glucose and lactate removal were noted during recovery following a 12.5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink can increase endurance performance as well as enhance lactate removal and thereby delaying the onset of fatigue.
Subject(s)
Analysis of Variance , Beverages , Blood Glucose , Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena/drug effects , Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electrolytes/metabolism , Heart Rate/drug effects , Humans , India , Lactic Acid/blood , Male , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Physical Endurance/drug effects , Sports/physiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Swimming exercise for 1, 2 and 3 hr for 5 days/week for consecutive 4 weeks, results in a significant reduction in testicular, epididymal, prostetic, seminal vesicle somatic indices; epididymal sperm count, sperm motility; preleptotine spermatocytes, mid pachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids; plasma levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone; testicular delta5, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; testicular superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione along with significant elevation in malondialdehyde in male albino rats. However, no significant change was noted in final body weight, spermatogonia-A and plasma level of follicle stimulating hormone. The results that oxidative stress develops with the increasing of exercise intensity, which may interfere in male reproductive activities.